阮大铖丛考(上)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑雷 《华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2004,(1):93-101

阮大铖为南明罪魁,声名狼藉,故生平材料多遭删削。本文择要选取部分史传、别集、方志及家乘,勾稽考索,推证出阮大铖家世及其早年生活基本情况。阮大铖明万历十五年丁亥(1587)八月生于安徽桐城,自幼出继为长房伯父阮以鼎嗣子。约在万历二十六年(1598)十二岁时随嗣父迁入怀宁,成为一“怀宁籍桐城人”。后因大铖无子,不能担负承嗣重任,仍旧回归二房,而另以三房大铸为长房嗣子。大铖稚龄即深受嗣父阮以鼎影响,为人处事干练机警。又从其叔祖阮自华游,于诗文戏曲一道获益良多。大铖生父阮以巽赋性恬淡,奉持佛法至恭至谨,大铖学佛可能与此有一定关联。  相似文献   

Contributions of metalinguistic awareness and lexical inference to reading comprehension in upper-elementary Chinese students     

Xi Cheng  Haomin Zhang 《Journal of Research in Reading》2023,46(1):86-103

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Causal Inference and COVID: Contrasting Methods for Evaluating Pandemic Impacts Using State Assessments     

Benjamin R. Shear 《Educational Measurement》2023,42(1):99-109

In the spring of 2021, just 1 year after schools were forced to close for COVID-19, state assessments were administered at great expense to provide data about impacts of the pandemic on student learning and to help target resources where they were most needed. Using state assessment data from Colorado, this article describes the biggest threats to making valid inferences about student learning to study pandemic impacts using state assessment data: measurement artifacts affecting the comparability of scores, secular trends, and changes in the tested population. The article compares three statistical approaches (the Fair Trend, baseline student growth percentiles, and multiple regression with demographic covariates) that can support more valid inferences about student learning during the pandemic and in other scenarios in which the tested population changes over time. All three approaches lead to similar inferences about statewide student performance but can lead to very different inferences about student subgroups. Results show that controlling statistically for prepandemic demographic differences can reverse the conclusions about groups most affected by the pandemic and decisions about prioritizing resources.  相似文献